Meaning of “State” for Part XIV of the Constitution
Article 308 provides the definition of ‘State’ for Part XIV of the Constitution. Article 308 as it stood prior to the Constitution (Seventh amendment) Act 1956 provides as follows: “308.…
The ‘Class’ of Union Territories and the Status of Delhi
When the Indian Constitution was adopted, the States of the Indian Union were classified into Part A, Part B, and Part C States. Delhi was a Part C State and…
Dual polity federal model established under Indian Constitution
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in one of his seminal speeches before the Constituent Assembly explained the dual polity federal model established under the Constitution: “Dual Polity under the proposed Constitution will…
Role of civil services in a modern government
Civil services form an integral part of modern government. Professor Herman Finer, in his classic work titled “The Theory and Practice of Modern Governance”, states that “the function of civil…
War & Law: A Tangled Web of Rights, Risks, and Resilience
War conflict is a violent clash between group of nations which leads to loss of life and displacement. This war conflicts leads to violation of Rights of individuals and create…
Why Union Territories were created?- In Detail
Despite the centrality of the States to the Constitution and the structure of governance that it envisages, Union Territories (which are administered by the Union Government) exist within the constitutional…
How Article 3 of Constitution was used to reorganise States units in India
The scope of Article 3 Article 2 of the Constitution provides that Parliament may admit new States into the Union or establish new States: “2. Admission or establishment of new…
Characteristics of Indian Federalism- Discussion in Constituent Assembly
Democracy and federalism are basic features of the Constitution. The term ‘federal’ is used to indicate the division of powers between the Union or Central Government and the State Governments.…
The constitutional history of States and Union territories and the reason for the existence of Article 3
When the Constitution was adopted, the constituent political units in the country consisted of different types of States (albeit with different structures, powers, and relationships with the Union Government) and…
Supreme Court’s Analysis of the Substance Which Attracts Article 368 to a Case
Article 368 of the Constitution provides for the procedure by which the Constitution may be amended. Clause (2) of Article 368 is extracted below: “Power of Parliament to amend the…