Does Reservation affect the efficiency in System? – Indira Sawhney’s Case
S. Ratnavael Pandian. J. “158. A programme of reservation may sacrifice merit but does not in any way sacrifice competence because the beneficiaries under Article 16(4) have to possess the…
The Grounds on which Mandal Commission Report was challanged in Indira Sawhney Case
The Mandal Commission Report that recommended reservation to backward Class, was attacked on various ground when it was challenged in Indira Sawhney Case. (Indira Sawhney v Union of India 1993…
Clipping the Wings of Drones? A Legal Look at India’s 2025 Drone Bill
India’s shift from permissive guidelines to enforceable airspace law, but its execution will decide whether it fosters a thriving drone economy
Can Caste be a determinant for Social and Educational Backwardness? – Indira Sawhney Case
In Indira Sawhney v. Union of India (1992), amongst other issues, the Supreme Court made an analysis on whether caste can be taken as a criterion in determining that caste…
The Definition of ‘Backwardness’ under Article 16
Article 16(4) expressly permits the State to make any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which in the opinion of…
The Meaning of ‘Class’ and ‘Caste’- Indira Sawhney Case
In Indira Sawhney v. Union of India (1992), while stating that the caste cannot be a sole factor for determining the backwardness, the Supreme Court made an analysis on the…
The Rise of Corporate Criminal Liability: Holding Companies Accountable for White-Collar Crimes
The shift of corporate entities from simple economic actors to significant players in social,political, and legal matters has sparked discussions
Whether a particular class of citizens is backward or not is a justiciable one- Triloki Nath Case
Article 16(4) expressly permits the State to make any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which in the opinion of…
Why Article 15(4) was inserted in the Constitution? – A Brief History
The Government of Tamil Nadu issued a Communal G.O. in 1927 making compartmental reservation of posts for various communities. Subsequently the G. O. was revised. In 1950 one Smt. Champakam…
Appointment of Commissions in India for Identifying Backward Classes
For providing reservations for backward class of citizens, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the public educational institutions and for providing equal opportunity in the matters of public employment, Central…