Justice Kuldeep Singh 383. Article 16(1) provides equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to State-services. Equals have to be treated equally whereas the unequals ought not to…
Justice Kuldeep Singh 373. The next question for consideration is whether Article 16(4) provides reservation of appointments or posts at the stage of initial entry to Government services or even…
Justice Kuldeep Singh 372. Before parting with the subject I may say that the successive Governments, whether in the States or at the Centre, have been remiss in the discharge…
Kuldip Singh, J. 360. Over a period of four decades this Court under a mistaken view read the expression “any backward class of citizens” in Article 16(4) to mean the…
Kuldip Singh, J. 353. The expression “……any backward class of citizens ……”in Article 16(4) of the Constitution as understood till date means ‘socially and educationally backward class’. In Janki Prasad…
Kuldip Singh, J. 340. Secularism is the basic feature of the Indian Constitution. It envisages a cohesive, unified and casteless society. The Constitution has completely obliterated the caste-system and has…
Kuldip Singh, J. 333. Caste-system in this country is sui generis to Hindu religion. The Hindu-orthodoxy believes that an early hymn in the Rigveda (the Purusasukta :- 10.90) and the…
Kuldip Singh, J. 329. The Government action on the Mandal Report evoked spontaneous reaction all over the country. The controversy brought to the fore important constitutional issues for the determination…
30-11-1948 “Now, Sir, to come to the other question which has been agitating the members of this House, viz., the use of the word ‘backward” in clause (3) of Article…
Thomman J.1 Summary : (1) It is open to the State to adopt valid classification and make special provisions for the protection of classes of citizens whose comparative backwardness the…
